作者：王涌1,2, 韩东3, 苑志江1,2, 蒋晓刚1,2
作者单位：1. 海军大连舰艇学院航海系, 辽宁 大连 116018;
2. 军事航海军队重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116018;
3. 中国人民解放军91970部队, 辽宁 大连 116041
关键词：安全;舰船;锚泊;走锚;振动频率
摘要：
锚链振动特征检测研究旨在解决舰船走锚预警问题。利用专门实验装置模拟舰船走锚过程，实时检测锚链振动加速度，并采用Matlab编制的专用程序对进行耦合计算等处理，进而得到锚链振动特征值并输出相应的曲线图形。实验结果表明：在锚链绷紧、锚翻出底土、跳锚、走锚等状态下，锚链振动频率会发生突变。相同锚泊环境下，底质、船重~锚重比、链重均对锚链振动特征有影响：锚链振动频率突变极值越大且次数越多时，舰船越难走锚；泥沙底的突变频率平均极值为砂砾底的1.1~1.4倍；随着链重的增加，锚链振动平均频率和突变频率平均极值均随之增大，舰船从正常锚泊演变到走锚的时间变长，锚链振动频率突变的次数也越多。结论可为舰船锚泊安全状态监测及走锚预警深入研究提供参考依据。
Experiment study on vibration characteristics of anchor chain from the perspective of anchorage safety
WANG Yong1,2, HAN Dong3, YUAN Zhijiang1,2, JIANG Xiaogang1,2
1. Dept. of Navigation, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, China;
2. Military Navigation Army Key Laboratory, Dalian 116018, China;
3. Unit 91970 of PLA, Dalian 116041, China
Abstract: The vibration characteristic detection of anchor chain is used to solve the early warning of ship dragging. A special experimental device was used to simulate the process of ship dragging, the vibration acceleration of anchor chain was detected and its vibration frequency was calculated. The experimental results show that the vibration frequency of anchor chain changes significantly in the state of anchor chain tension, and anchor turning out of subsoil or dragging. Under the same anchoring environment, anchor chain's vibration characteristics are impacted by bottom substrate, ratio of the anchor weight to that of the ship, and the quality of anchor chain etc. The higher the mean value of maximum vibration frequency of anchor chain is, the more difficult it is for ship dragging. The mean value of maximum vibration frequency in sand bottom is 1.1-1.4 times than that in gravel bottom. With the increase of chain quality, the mean vibration frequency and the extreme value of surge frequency increases, the time from normal anchorage to dragging becomes longer, and more times the frequency changes significantly. The conclusion can provide references to further research on monitoring anchorage safety status and early warning of ship dragging.
Keywords: safety;ships;anchoring;dragging anchor;vibration frequency
2019, 45(10):159-163 收稿日期: 2018-10-23;收到修改稿日期: 2018-12-24
基金项目:
作者简介: 王涌(1974-),女,山东潍坊市人,讲师,博士,主要从事军事航海安全保障方面的研究
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