作者：张春华, 陈春桃, 陈亮, 韩必恺, 李子宜, 吴惠勤, 黄晓兰

作者单位：广东省科学院测试分析研究所（中国广州分析测试中心） 广东省化学测量与应急检测技术重点实验室 广东省中药质量安全工程技术研究中心，广东 广州 510070

关键词：西洋参;稀土元素;产地溯源;电感耦合等离子体质谱法;判别分析

摘要：

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定西洋参中15种稀土元素（La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Y）的方法，并测定山东、吉林、美国和加拿大4个产地38批次西洋参中15种稀土元素，采用方差分析、聚类分析和判别分析对数据统计分析。结果表明，15种稀土元素在0.5~50 μg/L线性范围内相关系数良好，加标回收为92.9%~105.9%，精密度RSD为3.5%~6.6%，检出限为0.028~1.8 μg/kg，人参生物成分标准物质（GBW 10027）中15种稀土元素含量测定值均在标准值内。山东产西洋参中稀土元素含量明显高于其他3产地，聚类分析可以将山东产西洋参与其他产地西洋参分开。经逐步判别分析，筛选出Y、La、Ce、Pr、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Lu 11个元素作为有效指标，建立判别分析模型，能有效区分山东、吉林和国外（美国和加拿大）产西洋参，初始验证正确率为100%，交叉验证总体正确率为86.8%。

Determination of rare earth elements and application to identify the geographical origin of American ginseng
ZHANG Chunhua, CHEN Chuntao, CHEN Liang, HAN Bikai, LI Ziyi, WU Huiqin, HUANG Xiaolan
Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Public Laboratory of Analysis and Testing Technology, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences(China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangdong 510070, China
Abstract: The method for determination of 15 kinds of rare earth elements (REEs, including La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y) in American ginseng by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was established, and the REEs in 38 batches American ginsengs from Shandong, Jilin, America and Canada were detected. And the data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), cluster analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA). The results showed that the linear ranges were 0.5-50 μg/L for the REEs. The recoveries ranged from 92.9% to 105.9% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 3.5%-6.6%. The limits of detection (LODs) varied from 0.028 to 1.8 μg/kg. The contents of 15 kinds of REEs in reference material of Ginseng biological composition detected by the established method were agreed with the reference value. The contents of REEs in American ginseng from Shandong were high than from the other places. The localities of all the samples were classified into two categories by CA, one is Shandong and the other is including Jilin, America and Canada. The elements of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Lu were selected by DA to establish discriminative model. The discriminative model can effectively distinguish between Shandong, Jilin and foreign countries (America and Canada). The correct discrimination rate of the mode was 100% and 86.8% in initial validation and cross validation test, respectively.
Keywords: American ginseng;rare earth elements;geographical origin;inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry;discriminant analysis
2022, 48(3):72-77,89  收稿日期: 2020-11-01;收到修改稿日期: 2021-02-26
基金项目: 广东省科学院发展专项资金项目资助（2019GDASYL-0105016）；2017年工业转型升级（中国制造2025）资金资助（工信部规[2017]333号）
作者简介: 张春华（1987- ），男，福建三明市人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向为分析化学
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