作者：周怡帆1,2, 米良1,2, 蔡绍鹏1, 张志3, 杜坤1,2
作者单位：1. 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所，四川 绵阳 621900;
2. 国家机床产品质量监督检验中心（四川），四川 绵阳 621900;
3. 四川大学机械工程学院，四川 成都 610065
关键词：回转轴误差运动;动态精度检测;触发信号;数控机床
摘要：
主轴回转精度是数控机床的关键动态性能指标，由主轴回转引起的误差是影响加工零件形状、位置精度的主要因素之一。面向复杂工业环境下的精密机床主轴，提出一种基于角度触发的主轴全姿态动态回转精度快速测量方法，去除主轴角速度波动及测量基准形状误差对测量结果的影响，基于多线程技术实现主轴全姿态动态回转精度的一站式测量。最终，以一台五轴加工中心为测量对象，应用该试验装置与商用成熟的主轴回转误差分析仪进行实验室比对，径向运动误差评定结果差值小于2%，满足精密主轴全姿态动态回转精度检测需求。且系统具有定角度触发采集功能，在精密机床主轴测试评价、主轴单元精度提升研制以及故障诊断领域具有较好的应用前景。
Research on dynamic rotation accuracy detection method and performance of spindle with full attitude
ZHOU Yifan1,2, MI Liang1,2, CAI Shaopeng1, ZHANG Zhi3, DU Kun1,2
1. Institute of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;
2. National Machine Tool Production Quality Supervision Testing Center(Sichuan), Mianyang 621900, China;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Abstract: Rotary axis error motion is the key dynamic performance index of CNC machine tools. The error caused by rotary axis is one of the main factors that affect the shape accuracy and surface roughness of machined parts. For the measurement in complex industrial environment, in order to eliminate the influence of the angular velocity fluctuation of the spindle and the shape error of the measurement datum on the measurement results, a fast measurement method for the dynamic rotation accuracy of the spindle in all attitude based on angle triggering is proposed. Based on multithreading technology, the one-stop measurement of error motion of rotary axis is realized. In addition, compared with the ultra precision spindle rotation error analyzer (SEA) in the laboratory, a five axis machining center is taken as the measurement object, and the difference of radial motion error evaluation results is less than 2%, which meets the requirements of spindle full attitude dynamic rotation accuracy detection. The system has the function of fixed angle trigger acquisition, which is more suitable for the industrial environment with strong interference. It has a good application prospect in the field of precision machine tool spindle test evaluation, spindle unit precision improvement and fault diagnosis.
Keywords: error motion of rotary axis;dynamic accuracy detection;trigger signal;CNC machine
2023, 49(1):14-19 收稿日期: 2021-05-06;收到修改稿日期: 2021-08-08
基金项目: 四川省重大科技专项课题（2020ZDZX0003）
作者简介: 周怡帆(1993-),女,四川广元市人,工程师,硕士,研究方向为机床与功能部件测试试验技术研究
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