作者：张启哲1, 欧琦1, 毛帅涛1, 王胜辉1, 刘健2, 律方成1
作者单位：1. 华北电力大学，北京 102206;
2. 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司，吉林 长春 130011
关键词：动车组;避雷器;性能衰退;电场强度;界面受潮
摘要：
近年来动车组车顶避雷器故障频发，危害动车组安全运行。为获得车顶避雷器的故障原因，对正常避雷器和性能衰退避雷器开展解体试验研究。通过直流参考电压测试和残压测试研究不同状态阀片的电气性能变化。开展绝缘电阻测试、SEM和EDS测试，获得阀片及环氧筒绝缘材料的绝缘性能和微观特征。最后，建立三维模型模拟环氧筒缺陷对电场分布的影响。结果表明，避雷器性能衰退的主要原因是环氧筒内壁存在缺陷，当避雷器受潮时，电场强度显著增加。改进环氧筒制造工艺并增强避雷器防潮性能，可以有效避免避雷器性能衰退。
Study on performance degradation of insulating materials for roof arrester of EMU
ZHANG Qizhe1, OU Qi1, MAO Shuaitao1, WANG Shenghui1, LIU Jian2, Lü Fangcheng1
1. North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;
2. CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011, China
Abstract: In recent years, the fault of roof arrester often occurs, which endangers the safe operation of EMU. In order to obtain the fault causes of the roof arrester, the disassembly test of normal arrester and performance degradation arrester is carried out. Through DC reference voltage test and residual voltage test, the electrical performance changes of varistors in different states are studied. Through insulation resistance test, SEM and EDS test, the insulation properties and micro characteristics of varistors and epoxy cylinder insulation materials were obtained. Finally, a three-dimensional model is established to simulate the effect of arrester defects on electric field distribution. The results show that the main reason for the deterioration of arrester performance is the defect on the inner wall of epoxy cylinder. When the arrester is damp, the electric field intensity increases significantly. Improving the manufacturing process of epoxy cylinder and enhancing the moisture-proof performance of arrester can effectively reduce the deterioration failure of arrester.
Keywords: EMU;arrester;performance degradation;electric field;interface damp
2022, 48(3):142-149 收稿日期: 2021-12-05;收到修改稿日期: 2022-01-19
基金项目:
作者简介: 张启哲（1995-），男，山西晋城市人，博士研究生，主要从事动车组避雷器故障机理研究
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