作者：孟东容1, 段志善2
作者单位：1. 西京学院机械工程学院，陕西 西安 710123;
2. 西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院，陕西 西安 710055
关键词：振动电机;轴承;电流频谱;故障诊断
摘要：
振动电机轴承承载圆周激振力，其状态决定振动电机的使用寿命和安全性。针对振动电机轴承外滚道单点缺陷，提出基于电流频谱分析的轴承故障诊断方法。通过分析轴承受力，依据故障前后电机气隙长度、气隙磁导率和气隙磁通等参数的变化情况，建立振动电机轴承外滚道故障时的气隙变化模型。计算得出，当振动电机轴承外滚道产生单点缺陷时，定子电流中会感生$f_{\text{z} {\rm c}}=\left|f_{ {\rm s}} \pm m f_{ {\rm r}} \pm k f_{ {\rm c}}\right|$的特征频率，与普通电机有明显区别。采用交流电机多回路理论对振动电机轴承故障前后的电流进行分析，与理论计算结果一致，证明该诊断方法具有可行性。
Fault detection of vibration motor bearing based on current signal
MENG Dongrong1, DUAN Zhishan2
1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an 710123, China;
2. Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Abstract: The bearing of the vibration motor bears the circumferential excitation force, and its state determines the service life and safety of the vibration motor. Aiming at the single-point defect of the outer raceway of vibration motor bearings, a bearing fault diagnosis method based on current spectrum analysis is proposed. By analyzing the bearing force, according to the changes of the motor air gap length, air gap permeability and air gap flux before and after the fault, the air gap change model of the vibration motor bearing outer raceway failure was established. It is calculated that when a single-point defect occurs on the outer raceway of a vibration motor bearing, the characteristic frequency $f_{\text{z} {\rm c}}=\left|f_{ {\rm s}} \pm m f_{ {\rm r}} \pm k f_{ {\rm c}}\right|$ induced in the stator current is significantly different from that of an ordinary motor. The AC motor multi-loop theory is used to analyze the current before and after the vibration motor bearing failure, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation results, which proves that the diagnosis method is feasible.
Keywords: vibration motor;bearing;current spectrum;fault diagnosis
2022, 48(3):107-111 收稿日期: 2020-06-17;收到修改稿日期: 2020-10-13
基金项目: 国家科技重大专项基金(2017ZX04011010)；西京学院科研基金(XJ170201)
作者简介: 孟东容（1990-），男，陕西西安市人，助教，硕士，研究方向为振动机械故障诊断
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