作者：方立德1,2,3, 李胜耀1,2,3, 王松1,2,3, 付禄新1,2,3, 李小亭1,2,3
作者单位：1. 河北大学质量技术监督学院, 河北 保定 071000;
2. 河北省计量仪器与系统工程实验室, 河北 保定 071000;
3. 保定市计量仪器与系统工程技术研究中心, 河北 保定 071000
关键词：声发射;相含率;两相流;支持向量机
摘要：
气液两相流动广泛存在于石油、化工、管道运输、核反应堆等领域，利用声发射检测技术的非侵入式优势，对管内两相流动系统的进行无干扰，通过检测气液两相流动噪声，实现气液两相流相含率的测量。通过提取垂直管气液两相流流动噪声信号特征参数，在时域、频域分析方面分辨单相流动与两相流动的差别，研究两相流动的流动机理、流型过渡特性、流动噪声与流动形态之间的关系。在垂直管弹状流流型下，利用重标极差分析法（R/S分析法）对所测得垂直管气液两相流流动噪声进行分析，提取的垂直管两相流声发射信号作为输入量，利用支持向量机回归的方法，克服两相流声发射信号的非线性关系，成功建立相含率测量模型。
Measurement of volume fraction of gas-liquid two-phase flow based on acoustic emission technology
FANG Lide1,2,3, LI Shengyao1,2,3, WANG Song1,2,3, FU Luxin1,2,3, LI Xiaoting1,2,3
1. College of Quality and Technology Supervising, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China;
2. Measuring Instruments and Systems Engineering Laboratory of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China;
3. The Center of Measuring Instruments and Systems Engineering and Technology of Baoding, Baoding 071000, China
Abstract: Gas-liquid two-phase flow is widely used in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, pipeline transportation, nuclear reactor and so on. The non-invasive advantage of acoustic emission detection technology is used to measure the volume fraction of gas-liquid two-phase flow system without interference. By extracting the characteristic parameters of noise signal of gas-liquid two-phase flow in vertical tube, the difference between single-phase flow and two-phase flow is distinguished in time domain and frequency domain analysis, and the flow mechanism and flow pattern transition characteristic of two-phase flow are studied. The relationship between flow noise and flow pattern. Under the vertical tube slug flow pattern, the measured noise of gas-liquid two-phase flow in vertical tube was analyzed by Rescaled Range (R/S) Analysis and extracted. Using the support vector machine regression method, the nonlinear relation of the two phase flow acoustic emission signal is overcome, and the volume fraction measurement model is established successfully.
Keywords: acoustic emission;volume fraction;two-phase flow;support vector machines
2019, 45(2):22-29 收稿日期: 2018-07-20;收到修改稿日期: 2018-09-16
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（61475041）；国家重点研发计划子任务（2016YFF0203103-3，2017YFC0805703）；河北省自然科学基金资助项目（E2017201142）；河北大学研究生创新资助项目（hbu2018ss81）
作者简介: 方立德(1974-),男,吉林长春市人,教授,博士,主要研究方向为热工参数(温度、压力、流量)的计量检测与控制、多相流检测技术、供热计量技术
参考文献
[1] 谭超, 董峰. 多相流过程参数检测技术综述[J]. 自动化学报, 2013, 39(11):1923-1932
[2] 方立德, 吕晓晖, 田季, 等. 基于近红外差压技术的气液两相流双参数测量[J]. 中国测试, 2018, 44(1):21-26
[3] 方立德, 李婷婷, 李丹, 等. 新型气液两相流相含率检测装置特性研究[J]. 中国测试, 2017, 43(3):121-125
[4] FORDHAM E J, LENN C P, HOLMES A, et al. Corrections of gradiomanometer data for volume fractions in two-phase flows[J]. Measurement Science and Technology, 1999, 10(12):131-135
[5] BOURDEL E, PASQUET D, DENORME P, et al. Measurement of the moisture content with a cylindrical resonating cavity in TM010 mode[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2000, 49(5):1023-1028
[6] LUCAS G P, PANAQIOTOPOULOS N. Oil volume fraction and velocity profiles in vertical, bubbly oil-in-water flows[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2009, 20(3):127-135
[7] TOLLEFSEN J, HAMMER A. Capacitance sensor design for reducing errors in phase concentration measurements[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 1998, 9(1):25-32
[8] LUCAS G P, PANAQIOTOPOULOS N. Oil volume fraction and velocity profiles in vertical, bubbly oil-in-water flows[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2009, 20(3):127-135
[9] 张易农, 彭静, 程耀华, 等. 多种超声流量计对气液两相流流量计量的试验研究[J]. 中国测试, 2017, 43(9):143-147
[10] 毕雪芹, 倪原, 雷志勇. 基于双频多普勒法的超声波流量测试[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2008(4):73-75
[11] 王鑫, 李美慧, 岳晓庆, 等. 油气管道两相段塞流的声发射测试实验[J]. 实验室研究与探索, 2017, 36(9):51-54
[12] 张凯, 胡东芳, 王保良, 等. 基于CCERT与声发射技术的气液固三相流相含率测量[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2017, 43(11):2352-2358
[13] HURST H E. Long-term storage capacity of reservoirs[J]. Transactions of American Society of Civil Engineers, 1951(116):770-808
