作者：余浩1, 马剑龙1,2,3, 吕文春4, 苏宏杰1, 张鹏宇1
作者单位：1. 内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051;
2. 内蒙古自治区高校可再生能源工程研究中心，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051;
3. 风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051;
4. 内蒙古机电职业技术学院科技与职教研究中心，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070
关键词：风力机叶片;刚度;等效刚度法;变截面悬臂梁;叶片挠度
摘要：
风力机叶片刚度由于非线性且截面变化程度大的特点，针对叶片建模初期刚度的评估问题通常采用刚度展项分布图体现叶片刚度，存在评估叶片刚度的参考参数不够直接、宏观的问题。基于变刚度梁挠度计算的等效刚度法，将叶片等效成变截面悬臂梁，根据叶片特征合理选取边界条件，以叶片建模的截面数据特点为基础，优化原始等效刚度法的计算方式，使该方法更加贴合叶片模型，从而适用于叶片，达到方法优化的目的。利用ANSYS有限元软件进行叶片的预应力模拟实验，得出叶片的挠度模拟数值，以该模拟计算的挠度值为参考，验证优化后方法的有效性。结果表明：优化后的等效刚度法得到的刚度值，在低均布载荷值22.5 Pa下理论计算的挠度值与试验挠度值的误差达到9.68%，减小原始方法计算的误差贴近叶片模型，可用于叶片刚度估算，为叶片的刚度计算提供新方法。
Calculation of wind turbine blade stiffness based on equivalent stiffness method optimization
YU Hao1, MA Jianlong1,2,3, Lü Wenchun4, SU Hongjie1, ZHANG Pengyu1
1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China;
2. Engineering Research Center of Renewable Energy at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Wind Energy and Solar Energy Technology, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010051, China;
4. Research Center of Technology and Vocational Education, Inner Mongolia Technical College of Mechanics and Electrics, Hohhot 010070, China
Abstract: Wind turbine blade stiffness due to the characteristics of nonlinear and big section of variations, for modeling the initial stiffness assessment questions usually adopt stiffness elements distribution. This article is based on the equivalent stiffness method of variable stiffness of beam deflection, the leaves reduced to equivalent variable cross-section cantilever beam, according to the characters of blade selection reasonable boundary conditions. Based on the cross section data characteristics of blade modeling, optimization of the original the calculation of equivalent stiffness method, make the method more joint blade model, which applies to blades, to achieve optimization. The use of ANSYS finite element software for blade of prestressed simulation experiment, draw a blade deflection simulation numerical to the simulation calculation of the deflection value for reference, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimized method. Results show that the optimized equivalent stiffness method to get the stiffness value, under the uniformly distributed load at a low value of 22.5 Pa deflection of theoretical calculation value and experimental value of deflection error of 9.68%, reduces the error of the original method to calculate and close to the blad model, can be used in the blade stiffness estimation, provides a new method for blade stiffness calculation.
Keywords: wind turbine blades;stiffness;equivalent stiffness method;variable cross-section cantilever beam;leaf blade deflection
2024, 50(7):47-52 收稿日期: 2022-08-22;收到修改稿日期: 2022-10-08
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51966014)；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0436)；内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZZ21067)；内蒙古机电职业技术学院科学研究项目（ NJDZR2201 ）
作者简介: 余浩（1998-），男，湖北黄冈市人，硕士研究生，专业方向为叶片结构性能研究。
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