作者：王杰¹, 贺升平², 贺西平¹, 周越¹, 刘昱¹

作者单位：1. 陕西师范大学 陕西省超声重点实验室，陕西 西安 710119;
2. 四川省泸州市 96038部队，四川 泸州 646000

关键词：超声波;金属样品;防伪辨识;改进曼哈顿距离;阈值

摘要：

超声波与金属样品的显微结构相互作用而发生散射和反射等效应，造成声波能量的损失。将超声波信号与金属样品的显微组织和晶体结构联系起来，提出“超声指纹”这一概念。每个金属样品的“超声指纹”都是独一无二的，对已知的标准样品采样并留存其“超声指纹”，相当于为其贴上“防伪标签”。以3类成分相近的金属样品以及每类7个成分相同的金属样品为例，利用超声相控阵的扇形扫查方式进行信号采样。将改进曼哈顿距离作为指纹特征，结合高斯分布原理和三倍标准差法计算标准样品的辨识阈值，相较于以前的阈值计算方法更加科学合理。测试结果表明，提出的方法能够对成分相近金属样品甚至成分相同的金属样品全部实现准确辨识。

Research on ultrasonic identification of metals based on improved Manhattan distance
WANG Jie¹, HE Shengping², HE Xiping¹, ZHOU Yue¹, LIU Yu¹
1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasoinc, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China;
2. Sichuan Province Luzhou City 96038 Troops, Luzhou 646000, China
Abstract: Ultrasonic waves interact with the microstructure of metal samples and scattering and reflection effects occur, resulting in a loss of sound energy. The ultrasonic signal is associated with the microstructure and crystal structure of the metal sample, and the concept of "ultrasonic fingerprint" is introduced. The "ultrasonic fingerprint" of each metal sample is unique, and the sampling and retention of the "ultrasonic fingerprint" of a known standard sample is equivalent to putting an "anti-counterfeit label" on it. Three types of metal samples with similar composition and seven metal samples of the same composition in each type were sampled using the sector sweep of the ultrasonic phased array. The improved Manhattan distance is used as the fingerprint feature, and the Gaussian distribution principle and triple standard deviation method are combined to calculate the identification threshold of the standard samples, which is more scientific and reasonable compared with the previous threshold calculation method. The test results show that the proposed method can achieve accurate identification of all metal samples with similar composition or even those with the same composition.
Keywords: ultrasonic;metal samples;anti-counterfeit identification;improved Manhattan distance;threshold
2024, 50(5):138-144,185  收稿日期: 2022-04-01;收到修改稿日期: 2022-05-12
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（12174241）；装备预研共用技术项目（XXXXX040302）
作者简介: 王杰(1996-),男,江西遂川县人,硕士研究生,专业方向为超声检测。
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