作者：司小昆¹, 郭明², 赵岩^3,4

作者单位：1. 黄河交通学院, 河南 焦作 454950;
2. 河南理工大学应急管理学院, 河南 焦作 454003;
3. 河北建筑工程学院, 河北 张家口 075000;
4. 河北省土木工程诊断、改造与抗灾重点试验室, 河北 张家口 075000

关键词：隧道爆破;量纲分析;小波包分析;爆破振动能量

摘要：

依托具体的下穿隧道工程实例，对爆破施工引起的地面振动效应进行系统研究。为进一步分析隧道爆破对既有村庄带来的振动影响，引入反映高程的影响因子，通过量纲分析的方法建立反映高程影响的质点峰值振动速度的预测模型。预测结果表明，与传统的萨道夫斯基公式相比，改进公式的预测效果更佳。此外，通过小波包分析对爆破振动能量的分布特征进行研究。研究结果显示，随着最大单响药量的增大，爆破振动的低频带能量占比明显上升；随着爆心距的增加，爆破振动总能量却呈逐步衰减的趋势，且随着爆心距的逐渐增大，爆破振动能量的变化趋于平缓。爆破振动总能量的拟合结果表明，振动能量随着爆心距的增大呈指数型衰减。然而，爆破振动能量随着最大单响药量的增大却呈现增大的趋势。

Vibration testing and energy distribution research of underpass tunnel blasting
SI Xiaokun, GUO Ming, ZHAO Yan
1. Huanghe Jiaotong University, Jiaozuo 454950, China;
2. School of Emergency Management, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China;
3. Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Diagnosis, Reconstruction and Disaster Resistance of Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
Abstract: Based on the concrete example of underpass tunnel project, the ground vibration effect caused by blasting construction is systematically studied. In order to further study the vibration impact of tunnel blasting on existing villages, an influence factor reflecting the elevation was introduced. Furthermore, a prediction model for the peak vibration velocity of particles reflecting the influence of elevation is established by means of dimensional analysis. The prediction results show that, compared with the traditional Sadowski formula, the prediction effect of the improved formula is better. In addition, the distribution characteristics of blasting vibration energy are studied by wavelet packet analysis. The research results show that with the increase of the maximum charge per delay, the proportion of blasting vibration low-frequency band energy increases significantly. With the increase of the distance from blast area, the total blasting vibration energy shows a trend of gradual attenuation. Moreover, with the gradual increase of the distance from blast area, the change of blasting vibration energy tends to be gentle. The fitting results of the total blasting vibration energy show that the vibration energy decays exponentially with the increase of the distance from blast area. However, the blasting vibration energy shows a gradually increasing trend with the increase of the maximum charge per delay.
Keywords: tunnel blasting;dimensional analysis;wavelet packet analysis;blasting vibration energy
2023, 49(9):57-63  收稿日期: 2022-4-18;收到修改稿日期: 2022-8-1
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52078468，51878242）；河北建筑工程学院博士启动基金（B-202304）；教育部产学合作协同育人项目（202102350019）
作者简介: 司小昆（1989-），男，河南焦作市人，讲师，硕士，研究方向为安全工程。
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