基于小型自主平台拖曳的细小型阵列的二维DOA估计

摘要：

搭载了细小型线阵列的小型自主平台是实现水下声学移动监测的重要工具。 通常， 使用单个细小型拖曳线列阵只能估计信源的一维到达方向， 而本研究采用小型无人自主平台拖曳的细小型线列阵， 利用灵活的机动可实现二维波达方向估计。 该阵列通过快速的转弯形成一组相互垂直的路径， 在不同时刻位于这两条路径上的阵列组成一个L型阵列， 利用这两条直线路径上的阵列分别估计信源的两个一维波达方向， 进而可以对基于合成L阵的二维波达方向进行估计。 数值仿真验证了所提方法的有效性， 并对其理论误差进行了分析。

Abstract： The small autonomous platform with a thin line array is an important tool for underwater acoustic mobile surveillance. Generally, only one-dimensional (1-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the source signal can be estimated using a thin towed line array. In this work, the two-dimensional (2-D) DOA estimation is achieved by the thin line array towed by a small autonomous platform due to its flexible maneuver. Two perpendicular tow paths are formed through the fast turning of this array. An L-shaped array is formed by the same towed array on these two tow paths at different times. Using the array on these two straight paths, two 1-D DOAs of the source signal are obtained respectively, and then the 2-D DOA based on the formed L-shaped array can be estimated. The effectiveness of proposed approach is verified by numerical simulations and its theoretical error is analyzed.